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Monday 22 July 2013

Jewellery Necklace PNG

Jewellery Necklace PNG Biogarphy

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Deriving its name from the 1925 Paris Exposition of Decorative Arts and Modern Manufactures, Art Deco was actually a largely North American style that influenced everything from jewelry to architecture. With an emphasis on symmetry and geometry, the Art Deco movement strove to soften the mass produced look with a somewhat more sensitive, artful purpose. In jewelry, platinum, and diamonds played a central role, often mixed with inexpensive crystal and even coral. From Art Deco, the introduction of new emerald, pear, and marquises cuts resulted, harmonious with the symmetrical themes of the Art Deco style.
Art Nouveau (1890-1912)
In jewelry, the Art Nouveau movement broke away from the solemn conventions of Victorian and Edwardian styling, a rebellion that unleashed a creative, inspired outpouring of phenomenally beautiful works of art, incorporating much of the natural world - elegant flowers, dragonflies, ferns, snakes, and lithe, sensual animal and human forms. Also with the advent of Art Nouveau came a mastery of new gold casting and carving techniques, and the widespread use of enameling.

Arts and CraftsA late 1800s artistic movement, with items intentionally made to appear handmade, and with simple settings.
AssayAn assay is a test of the purity of an alloy.
Asterism
A luminescent, star-like effect in some gemstones, reflecting light.
Aurora Borealis or AB
Often used in reference to glass rhinestones or beads coated with a thin layer of metals to achieve an iridescent sheen, named after the "Northern Lights." This process was jointly invented by the Swarovski and Christian Dior companies in 1955.
Awabi PearlJapanese name for abalone pearls.
Bakelite Jewelry
Thermoset plastic first produced in the 1920s, named after its creator, Leo Hendrick Baekeland. A dense, synthetic resin, Bakelite is difficult to melt and easily colored. It quickly became a popular material for jewelry, even fostering its own counterfeits. Bakelite was initially designed to imitate amber.BangleA stiff bracelet, solid or sometimes featuring a hinge closure.
Bar and Ring ClaspA bar fastener, where the bar is inserted into a ring, to connect two ends of a bracelet or necklace.
Baroda GemA trade name for a colorless glass stone backed with foil.
BaroqueRefers to irregularly shaped, natural or artificial pearls and stones.
Bar Pin (or Bar Brooch)A long pin worn horizontally.
Barrel ClaspJewelry closure where one end of the closure screws into the other, barrel-like end.
Base MetalNon-precious metals, including copper, lead, tin, and zinc.
Basse-Tailleranslucent enameling of low relief metals to produce a sculpted surface.
BatoA long, thin, rectangular stone cut, larger than a baguette.
BayadereA pearl necklace of strands that have been twisted together.
Bell CapGlued onto a hole-less bead or stone to make threading possible.
Belle Epoquhe Edwardian period (1901 - 1910)
Bezel (aka Crown)The top of a cut stone, protruding above the edge of the setting. A bezel setting, on the other hand, is aband of metal tightened around the outside of the stone to hold it in place.
Brilliant Cut
Stones cut with 56 facets, 32 above the girdle, 24 below, maximizing the amount of reflected light. The brilliant cut is the most popular diamond cut today, dating from the 1600s.
Bridge Jewelry
Bridging the gap between precious and costume jewelry, sterling silver is an example of bridge jewelry.
Briolette (aka Drop Cut)
A pear-shaped cut with triangular facets on the top surface.
Brooch (aka Pin)
An ornament of any material that can be pinned to a garment.
Brushed FinishBrushed metal, with reduced reflectivity.
BrutingThe shaping of the girdle of a diamond, the first step in the cutting process, determining the basic shape of the finished gem.
BubblesBubbles of gas caught in glass or resins, and sometimes in minerals.
Bugle BeadA long, thin, tube-shaped glass bead.
Butterfly Wing JewelryMade from real butterfly wings, often with a picture painted on the wings, enclosed in plastic or glass.
CabochonA cut with a rounded, domed surface, with no facets.
Calibre-Cut
Small step-cut stones for inclusion in larger designs.
CameoA relief carving on a shell or stone.
Camphor GlassCloudy white glass, popular mid-nineteenth century.
Carat (ct.)A unit of measurement introduced in 1907, .2 grams.
CastingMelting and shaping metal through the use of molds. There are many methods of casting, including the lost wax process, centrifugal, and sand methods.
Cathedral SettingA simple setting, a band that arches upward.
ChokerA short necklace designed to rest close to the throat, usually 13-15" in length.
Clip-OnA simple spring clip mechanism to lock earrings in place, not requiring piercings.
CelluloidA plant-derived plastic, invented in 1869 by John Wesley Hyatt.
Celtic JewelryDesigned by the Celts in Brittany, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, using bronze, silver, and gold.
CFWCultured, freshwater pearls.
Champleve
This "sunken enamel" style is achieved by first cutting designs into the surface of metal, then filling the grooves with enamel, firing it to a polished sheen. Similar, but not as delicate, as cloisonné.
Channel SetJewels resting in a metal channel, held by a slight rim.
CharmSmall, symbolic ornaments, usually worn on bracelets or necklaces.
Chasing
Decorating metal by use of hammer strikes.
Chaton
A stone backed with reflective foil.Chatoyancy
The cat's eye effect found in some polished stones, including cat's eye, tiger's eye, and various other stones. The cabochon cut best shows off this trait.
Claddagh Ring
An Irish ring, featuring two small hands clasped together.
ClarityThe lack of internal flaws in a gemstone. In diamonds, clarity ranges from FL (flawless), to 13 (with many imperfections visible to the naked eye).
ClawA metal prong positioned to hold a gemstone securely in its setting.
CleavageThe way a mineral natural breaks.
CloisonneA certain application of enamel to metal. First, a design is cut into the metal; then, the cuts are filled with enamel and fired to a polish.
Closed Setting
A setting that completely encases the back of a stone.
CloudUsually a cluster of tiny inclusions in a stone, making it appear milky, greatly reducing the stone's value.
Cluster SettingA gemstone surrounded by small stones or pearls.Collet Setting
A thin, round band of metal encircling a stone, with one edge crimped over the top of the stone, and the other edge of the band soldered to the metal of the setting.
Composite Suite
Jewelry that can be assembled into one piece or disassembled into two or more pieces, so that they can be worn as one item or separately.
ConchA marine mollusk with a pearly, typically white or pink shell that is cut into beads for jewelry.
Crimp BeadA soft metal bead that, when crimped, secures the loose ends of threading material.
Crown
The crown is the top part of a cut gem.
Crystal (glass)
Glass made of a minimum of 10 percent lead oxide, producing very clear glass, a process discovered in 1676 by Englishman George Ravenscroft.
Cubic Zirconium (aka Cubic Zirconia)
Resembling diamond, cubic zirconium is an inexpensive, manufactured gemstone, created in 1977.
Cuff BraceletA rigid, wide bracelet.
Cultured Pearl
Pearls produced by mollusks that have been purposefully injected with bits of shell. They shell serves as irritant, compelling the mollusk to begin coating the irritant with layer after layer of self-produced nacre, in an instinctive attempt to smooth and sooth the lodged irritation. This method of "farming" pearls was invented by Kokichi Mikimoto in 1893.
Cushion Cut
Stones cut into a square cushion-like shape, rounded on the edges, with facets typically similar to a brilliant cut.

Jewellery Necklace PNG